芒种丨收获幸福

太阳系中大行星围绕太阳公转的轨道几乎位于同一平面，且方向一致，这与太阳系的形成机制有关。

根据目前的理论，太阳系起源于一团旋转的巨大分子云，在引力作用下中心坍缩形成太阳，而其他物质则向外扩散形成一个绕太阳旋转的扁平原行星盘。原行星盘内的物质由气体和尘埃构成，在引力吸积、碰撞等作用下形成了目前的各大行星、卫星和小行星、彗星等天体。因此大行星的轨道面也就分布在同一个平面，即原行星盘所在的平面附近。事实上，除了水星之外，其他七颗大行星的轨道面相对于黄道面的夹角都在4度以下，而且公转轨道方向都与地球保持一致。如果以木星的轨道面为参考，各大行星的轨道倾角则更小。这个结果与大行星起源于同一个原行星盘的行星形成理论一致。

Grain in Ear

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Summer Solstice

⊙

The Sun

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The sun travels in Taurus. Currently, solar activities are increasing. On the front surface of the Sun, 5 groups of sunspots can be observed through a telescope with a light filter device.

☽

The Moon

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On June 14th, 19:52, the moon becomes a full moon. The distance between this “supermoon” and the Earth is less than 360,000 kilometres. After sunset, the full moon rises from the south-eastern sky and shines brilliantly all night。

☿

Mercury

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Mercury travels in prograde motion in Taurus. It will reach its greatest western elongation on June 16th at 23:00. Its angular distance to the Sun is 23º and can be observed with a telescope before dawn.

♀

Venus

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Venus travels in prograde motion from Aries to Taurus. On June 11th, it is at conjunction with Uranus. In the low eastern sky before sunrise, extremely bright Venus can be seen with naked eyes, while it requires a telescope to find Uranus.

♂

Mars

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After passing through Cetus shortly, Mars continues to travel in prograde motion in Pisces. It rises around 2 o’clock in the morning,   and can be found in the south-eastern sky before sunrise.

♃

Jupiter

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Jupiter travels in prograde motion in Pisces. It rises around 1:30 in the morning and is located in the south-east sky before dawn.

♄

Saturn

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Saturn travels in retrograde motion in Capricornus. Before dawn, the third largest moon of Saturn, Iapetus, enters the shadow of Saturn. The eclipse of Iapetus begins at 00:09 and ends at 03:38, which can be observed with a telescope. Such event as seen from the Earth takes place about every 15 years.